Icyizere cyo kurangiza iyi ntambara vuba gishingira ku mbaraga Ingabo za Leta ziri kugaragaza ku rugamba, aho magingo aya zigenzura hejuru ya 75% by'ubutaka bwose bw'icyo gihugu, by'umwihariko zikagenzura Umurwa Mukuru wacyo, Khartoum, wari umaze igihe mu maboko y'umutwe wa Rapid Support Forces, RSF.
Ambasaderi wa Sudani mu Rwanda, Khalid Musa Dafalla Musa, yavuze ko ashimira uburyo u Rwanda rwakiriye Abanya-Sudani, by'umwihariko abanyeshuri baje kuhakomereza amasomo yabo.
Magingo aya, hejuru ya 20% by'abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga biga muri kaminuza zo mu Rwanda bakomoka muri Sudani, ibi bikajyana n'ishoramari ry'abaturage b'icyo gihugu rimaze kwiyongera mu Rwanda, aho ryarenze miliyoni 10$.
Ibi byose byatumye ikigo cyigenga gitanga serivisi zo gutwara abantu mu kirere cyo muri Sudani, Bard Airlines, kibenguka isoko ry'u Rwanda ndetse ubu cyamaze gutangiza ingendo zihuza ibihugu byombi, zizatangira zikorwa rimwe mu cyumweru.
Urugendo rwa mbere rw'iki kigo rwakozwe mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 9 Nyakanga, 2025, ubwo indege yayo yageraga ku Kibuga Mpuzamahanga cya Kigali, kiri i Kanombe.
Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Ambasaderi Dafalla Musa, agaruka ku ishusho y'umubano w'ibihugu byombi n'uburyo uzarushaho gutera imbere mu minsi iri imbere.
IGIHE: Wasobanura ute ishusho y'umubano w'u Rwanda na Sudani mu myaka itanu ishize?
Ambasaderi Dafalla Musa: Ntewe ishema n'uko umubano wacu umaze kuba mwiza. Kuva nagera hano, nashimishijwe n'intambwe yatewe mu mubano wacu kandi biterwa n'ubushake bw'abayobozi b'ibihugu byacu.
Twatangije ingendo zidahagaze hagati ya Sudani n'u Rwanda, zizajya zikorwa n'Ikigo cyigenga gikora ubwikorezi bwo mu Kirere muri Sudani, Bard Airlines. Ni kimwe mu bigo byigenga biteye imbere muri Sudani. Kirashaka kwagura ibikorwa byacyo muri Afurika aho cyahisemo u Rwanda kugira ngo rube nk'umuhuza w'ibikorwa byacyo muri Afurika.
Hazajya hakorwa urugendo rumwe mu cyumweru, aho ruzajya runyura i Juba (muri Sudani y'Epfo).
Gahunda yari ukugira ngo izi ngendo zijye zihuza imirwa mikuru y'ibihugu byombi, Khartoum na Kigali, ariko intambara ikomeje kubera muri Sudani yangije Ikibuga Mpuzamahanga cy'Indege cya Kartoum, ku buryo ubu kitari cyatangira gukoreshwa. Mu gihe gisanwa, hazajya hakoreshwa Umujyi wa Port Sudan.
Hari abantu benshi bakenera izo serivisi kuko hari Abanya-Sudani benshi bifuza kuza mu Rwanda kandi hari n'Abanya-Sudani benshi mu Rwanda, benda kugera kuri 5000 kandi bazaba barenze uwo mubare mu minsi iri imbere.
Turizera ko izi ngendo hagati ya Sudani n'u Rwanda zizarushaho guteza imbere imibanire myiza hagati y'ibihugu byombi. Ibi bizatuma Abanyarwanda basura Sudani ku bwinshi mu rwego rwo gushaka amahirwe y'ubucuruzi.
Abanya-Sudani benshi bari kwiga mu Rwanda...
Nakubwira ko 20% by'abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga biga mu Rwanda ari abakomoka muri Sudani. Impamvu ni uko bumva bari mu rugo, ireme ry'uburezi rikaba riri kwiyongera. Ikindi ni uko kubona ibyangombwa byoroshye kandi bakaba babayeho neza, bakiga ndetse bakaba bari kumwe. Ibyo bituma bahamagara bagenzi babo bifuza kwiga mu Rwanda.
Buri munsi twakira amabaruwa y'Abanya-Sudani bifuza kwiga mu Rwanda. Mbere y'intambara, Sudani yari ifite kaminuza zirenga 60, yari yihagije. Muri icyo gihe Abanya-Sudani benshi bajyaga kwiga mu Burasirazuba bw'u Burayi, muri Aziya n'ahandi.
Mubona ari iki gituma abanyeshuri bo muri Sudani bakunda u Rwanda?
Biterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye zirimo n'uko tubibashishikariza. Ikindi ni uko ibintu byoroshye hano, kubona ibyangombwa, visa uyibona ugeze mu Rwanda. Ikindi ni uburyo imico yacu ifitanye isano.
Gahunda yo guha ikaze Abanyafurika, nacyo ni ikintu cyafunguye amarembo ku Banya-Sudani kugira ngo baze mu Rwanda.
Abanyeshuri mu Rwanda baba bafite umutekano. 50% by'abanyeshuri b'Abanya-Sudani biga mu Rwanda ni abakobwa bari mu Rwanda bonyine. Nta muryango w'Umunya-Sudani wakwemerera kohereza umwana w'umukobwa ahantu atizeye ko azagira umutekano.
Ni iyihe shusho y'ubucuruzi hagati y'ibihugu byombi?
Ubucuruzi hagati y'u Rwanda na Sudani bumaze kugera ku gaciro karenga miliyoni 200$ ku mwaka. Ni ubucuruzi bushingiye ahanini ku birimo ikawa n'icyayi Sudani itumiza mu Rwanda. Nko mu gihe kitarenze amezi abiri ashize, agaciro k'icyayi Sudani yatumije mu Rwanda karenga miliyoni 2$.
Byatewe n'uko Sudani imaze guhagarika icyemezo cyo guhagarika icyayi n'ikawa bitumizwa muri Kenya, nka Ambasade ya Sudani mu Rwanda rwatangiye gukorana n'inzego zitandukanye kugira ngo zihe ibigo byacu by'ubucuruzi uburyo bwo kugera ku isoko ry'u Rwanda mu buryo butaziguye.
Mbere ibyo bigo byaguraga icyayi cy'u Rwanda binyuze ku isoko rya Mombasa, ariko ubu ibigo by'ubucuruzi byo muri Sudani biri kugura icyayi kivuye mu Rwanda mu buryo bw'ako kanya.
Izi ngendo [z'indege] zizagira uruhare mu guteza imbere imikoranire, twizeye ko mu gihe kiri imbere na RwandAir izatangira gukorera ingendo i Khartoum kugira ngo umubano urusheho kwaguka.
Twumvise ko muri gushaka uko mukorana n'u Rwanda mu kubaka igihugu cyanyu nyuma y'intambara...
Twatangiye gushaka uko dukorana. Duherutse kwakira Minisitiri w'Ubutabera wa Sudani wari mu Rwanda nko mu mezi atanu ashize. Hari amasezerano tuzasinyana mu minsi iri imbere. Ku bijyanye n'uburezi, ba minisitiri b'uburezi b'ibihugu byombi bari gusuzuma inyandiko z'ubufatanye hagati y'ibihugu byombi.
Ubu twagiranye amasezerano na Rwanda Cooperation Initiative. Tuzasinyana amasezerano y'imikoranire mu bihe bya vuba kugira ngo dushyireho inzego z'imikoranire. Twamaze kwemeranya ku nzego zirindwi tuzakoranamo. Mu minsi mike iri imbere tuzakira itsinda riturutse muri Sudani kugira ngo rirusheho kureba uko twarushaho kubyaza umusaruro ubu bufatanye.
Ishoramari ry'Abanya-Sudani batuye mu Rwanda ringana iki?
Ubu dufite Abanya-Sudani benshi bari kwinjira mu bucuruzi mu Rwanda, biyongera ku banyeshuri na bo bari kwiyongera. Ishoramari ry'Abanya-Sudani mu Rwanda rimaze kurenga miliyoni 10$.
Hari inganda nyinshi ziri kubakwa n'Abanya-Sudani hano ndetse n'ibigo by'Abanya-Sudani biri gushaka amahirwe mu nzego nk'ibikorwaremezo, ubuhinzi, ubworozi kuko dufite ibigo bitanu bikora muri uru rwego kandi bifite uburambe muri Sudani.
Hari ibindi bigo biri gukora mu bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa by'u Rwanda mu mahanga, cyane muri Sudani. Nk'uko mubizi, imboga n'imbuto byo mu Rwanda birakenewe ku isoko mpuzamahanga, cyane mu gace Sudani iherereyemo.
Navuga ko Abanya-Sudani bari kugira uruhare mu bukungu bw'u Rwanda. Nk'ubu hari inganda ebyiri cyangwa eshatu z'Abanya-Sudani zigiye gufungura mu Rwanda mbere y'uko uyu mwaka urangira.
Imikoranire y'u Rwanda na Sudani ihagaze ite mu rwego rw'ubuzima?
Mu rwego rw'ubuzima, hari ubufatanye bukomeje gutera imbere. Mu Rwanda tuhafite abaganga 50 bari ku rwego rwo hejuru, bigisha muri kaminuza cyangwa bakora mu bitaro bitandukanye, kandi bafite ubumenyi mu nzego zitandukanye.
Bamwe bari gukora mu bitaro bya Kanombe, abandi bakora mu Bitaro by'Umwami Faisal, Ibitaro by'i Ndera n'ahandi. Ikindi ni uko dufite abanyeshuri barenga 100 bari gukora imenyerezamwuga mu Rwanda.
Barangije kwiga ubuvuzi muri Sudani ariko baza gukorera imenyereza hano, kandi ni abakorerabushake bajya gukorera mu bitaro bitandukanye mu gihugu.
Mu bizamini biherutse ku biga ubuvuzi, abanyeshuri biga iby'ubuvuzi bakomoka muri Sudani batsinze ku kigero cya 100%. Buri munyeshuri wiga ubuvuzi yaratsinze. Turashimira inzego dukomeje gukorana.
Hari abanyeshuri benshi biga ubuvuzi muri Sudani bifuza kuza kwimenyereza umwuga mu Rwanda. Muri Sudani, abanyeshuri barenga 3000 barangiza kwiga ibijyanye n'ubuvuzi buri mwaka, kandi benshi bifuza kuza mu Rwanda.
Mu rwego rw'umutekano, murateganya gukorana n'u Rwanda gute?
Turifuza gukorana n'u Rwanda mu bijyanye n'umutekano, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no gutoza abasirikare bacu bashobora kugira uruhare mu bijyanye no kugarura amahoro hirya no hino ku Isi. U Rwanda rwubatse izina rikomeye mu bijyanye no kubungabunga amahoro.
Nyuma y'uko intambara irangiye muri Sudani, kimwe mu byo tuzibandaho mu bufatanye bwacu ni ugutoza ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe mu gisirikare cyacu ku bijyanye no kugarura amahoro.
U Rwanda ruzwi neza mu gukora ako kazi, rufite uburambe muri icyo cyiciro, niyo mpamvu rushobora kudufasha.
Ni gute ubona umubano w'ibihugu byombi mu myaka itanu iri imbere?
U Rwanda rufite amahirwe menshi, hari ibigo byo muri Sudani biri kuza kwiga amahirwe y'ishoramari ari mu Rwanda nko mu rwego rwa za banki, urwego rw'imari, urwego rwa serivisi, urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga n'ibindi. U Rwanda rurifuza kuzaba igihugu gifite ubukungu buciriritse mu 2035, Abanya-Sudani bakomeje kurushaho kureba uruhare bagira muri uru rugendo.
Igihe nazaga mu Rwanda. Abanyarwanda benshi bitiranyaga Sudani na Sudani y'Epfo, ariko ubu benshi bazi itandukaniro. Uko turushaho kumenyana ni ko tuzarushaho no gukorana neza.
U Rwanda ni igihugu cyoroshya gutangira ubucuruzi kandi cyakira abanyamahanga neza, hano hari inzego nyinshi zishobora gukurura ishoramari ry'u Rwanda mu gihe na Sudani ishobora gukora nk'ikiraro gihuza u Rwanda n'ibihugu by'Abarabu.
Amafoto agaragaza ubwo indege ya Bard Airlines yageraga mu Rwanda
Amafoto: Kwizera Hervé
