Ubushakashatsi bushya bwagaragaje ko nyuma y'imyaka igera kuri 5,000, imibiri y'abami ba Misiri yabitswe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mummification (uburyo bwo kubika imibiri hifashishijwe amavuta n'ibindi binyabutabire kugira ngo itabora) igifite impumuro nziza itangaje.Â
Ibi byatangajwe n'abashakashatsi bo muri University College London (UCL) (Kaminuza ya London yigisha ubumenyi butandukanye) na Kaminuza ya Ljubljana muri Slovenia (igihugu giherereye mu Burayi bw'Iburasirazuba), aho bakoze iperereza ku 'mummies' (imibiri y'abantu babitswe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mummification) icyenda, bagasanga zigifite impumuro.
Ni impumuro zirimo izigaragaza uburyo bw'ibiti by'amashyamba (woody â€" impumuro ituruka ku biti bisanzwe), ibirungo (spicy â€" impumuro iryoshye kandi ikomeye nk'iya tangawizi cyangwa poivre), n'impumuro iryohereye (sweet â€" impumuro ifite uburyohe nk'ubw'ubuki cyangwa imbuto).
Mu gushaka kumenya neza impumuro zasigaye kuri iyi mibiri, abashakashatsi bifashishije uburyo bwa gas chromatography (uburyo bwa siyansi bukoreshwa mu gutandukanya ibinyabutabire bigize impumuro runaka kugira ngo byigweho byihariye).Â
Iyi tekiniki yatumye bashobora kumenya ubwoko bw'inyongeramirire zakoreshwaga mu gutunganya imibiri y'abami ba Misiri, harimo amavuta, ibishashara (wax) (igikoresho gikoze mu bintu by'umwimerere cyangwa by'ubuhanga gikoreshwa mu gutwikira ibintu kugira ngo bidatakaza umwimerere), na resini (ikinyabutabire gituruka ku biti runaka gikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu nk'ibishashara cyangwa ibirungo).
Dr. Cecilia Bembibre, umwe mu bayoboye ubu bushakashatsi, yavuze ko iyi ari intambwe ikomeye mu kumenya uko imibiri y'abami yatunganywaga mu bihe bya kera, ati: 'Mu nkuru n'amafilime (films â€" amashusho yigisha cyangwa atanga ubutumwa bwa sinema), abantu bakunze kwibwira ko imibiri "mummies" zitera impumuro mbi. Twatunguwe no gusanga impumuro zazo ari nziza cyane.'
Mu gihe cyo gutunganya imibiri y'abami ba Misiri kugira ngo izagume itarangirika, abamisiri ba kera bakoreshaga impumuro nziza. Bamwe mu miti bakoreshaga ni ibiti bya juniper (ubwoko bw'igiti gikoreshwa cyane mu gukora amavuta ahumura neza n'ibirungo), ibishashara (wax), na resini y'ibiti runaka. Izi mpumuro ntabwo zari gusa izo gushimisha, ahubwo zari n'igice cy'umuco wabo, kuko bumvaga ko umubiri ugomba kwitabwaho neza mbere yo kwinjira mu buzima bw'ikirenga.
Uretse gutuma abantu barushaho gusobanukirwa amateka ya Misiri ya kera, ubu bushakashatsi bufite akamaro gakomeye mu kubungabunga imibiri y'abami.Â
Abashakashatsi basanze hari impumuro zerekana ibimenyetso by'itangira ry'isenyuka ry'uruhu cyangwa inyama (decomposition â€" igikorwa cyo kubora ku bintu byigeze kuba bizima nk'inyama cyangwa ibimera) zasigaye ku mibiri y'abami. Ibi bikazafasha abashinzwe kwita kuri izi mummies kumenya uko bazirinda kugira ngo zizagume mu buryo bwiza mu bihe biri imbere.
Dr. Matija Strlič, umwe mu bagize iyi raporo, yavuze ko izi mpumuro zishobora no gutanga amakuru ku rwego rw'imibereho y'uwabitswe muri iyi mummification, aho dushobora kumenya niba umubiri ari uw'umwami, umuntu wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, cyangwa undi muntu usanzwe bitewe n'ibintu byakoreshejwe mu gutunganya imibiri yabo.
Nk'uko The Guardian yabitangaje ku itariki ya 14 Gashyantare 2025, ubu bushakashatsi ntibuzaguma mu nyandiko gusa. Impumuro zakuwe kuri iyo mibiri "mummies" zizashyirwa mu nzu ndangamurage y'i Cairo (Egyptian Museum) â€" ahabitswe ibintu by'amateka n'ubuhanzi bwa Misiri ya kera, aho abazisura bazashobora kuzumva bakagira uburambe nyabwo ku mateka y'Abamisiri ba kera.Â
Ibi bikazafasha gusobanukirwa neza uburyo bwo gutunganya imibiri y'abami ba Misiri n'akamaro k'impumuro mu muco wabo.
Umwanditsi: Kubwayo Jean de la CroixÂ
