Iyo mvugo ngira ngo uwayikoresha ku bakuru b'ibihugu babiri bamaze imyaka bugarijwe n'ibibazo by'umutekano muke mu bihugu byabo, Félix Tshisekedi Tshilombo wa RDC na Volodymyr Zelensky wa Ukraine, ubanza ataba yibeshye, kuko aba bombi hari byinshi bahuriyeho, cyane uko bitwaye kuva imirwano yakubura mu bihugu byabo, hakaba abavuga ko ari yo ntandaro yo kuba intambara mu bihugu byabo zidahagarara.
Muri iyi nkuru turagaruka by'umwihariko ku isano igaragara hagati y'abo bayobozi b'ibyo bihugu byombi bikomeje kuba isibaniro.
Imbarutso y'intambara
Intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Ukraine n'intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, zisa n'izisa isano mu mizi y'itangira ryazo. Ni intambara zatangiye ahagana mu 2013 nyuma zigahosha, zikongera kubura mu 2021 na 2022.
Ubwo u Burusiya bwatangizaga ibikorwa bya gisirikare kuri Ukraine ku wa 24 Gashyantare 2022, bwagaragaje ko impamvu nyamukuru harimo guhatira Ukraine kutaba igicumbi cya NATO no gutabara za 'repubulika' zabutabaje ngo Ukraine "ihagarike ubwicanyi muri Donbas."
U Burusiya bwagaragazaga ko abayobozi bayo bafite umugambi wo gutsemba abaturage bavuga Ikirusiya.
Ku rundi ruhande, intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, hagati y'ingabo z'icyo gihugu n'umutwe wa M23, yubuye mu Ugushyingo 2021, nyuma uyu mutwe uza kunguka amaboko y'Ihuriro ry'imitwe ya politiki AFC (Alliance Fleuve Congo) mu Ukuboza 2023, bituma imirwano irushaho gukomera.
AFC/M23 igaragaza ko irwanira uburenganzira bw'Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda Leta y'icyo gihugu igambiriye gutsemba.
Kwihagararaho no kwanga ibiganiro
Mbere y'uko intambara y'u Burusiya na Ukraine itangire, habuze gato ngo ibihugu bisinye amasezerano y'amahoro, ariko ku munota wa nyuma Ukraine ibivamo igiriwe inama n'uwari Minisitiri w'Intebe w'u Bwongereza, Boris Johnson.
Tshisekedi na Zelensky bahuriye ku kuba, kuva intambara zakubura mu bihugu byabo, baragiye begerwa kenshi basabwa kugirana ibiganiro n'impande bahanganye ariko bakabitera utwatsi cyangwa bakabigendamo biguruntege, ahubwo bagakomeza gushaka guhangana gisirikare.
Si rimwe si kabiri u Burusiya bwagaragarije Zelensky ko bwiteguye gushakira umuti ibibazo biri hagati yabwo na Ukraine binyuze mu nzira y'ibiganiro ariko uyu mukuru w'igihugu, yagiye inshuro nyinshi agaragaza ko atiteguye kwicarana ku meza y'ibiganiro n'u Burusiya, ashinja gusagarira igihugu cye.
Kimwe na mugenzi we, Tshisekedi yasabwe kenshi kugirana ibiganiro n'umutwe wa M23 kugira ngo hashakwe igisubizo cyageza ku mahoro arambye, ariko agatsemba avuga ko igihugu cye kitazicara ku meza y'ibiganiro n'uwo mutwe.
Nko mu minsi ishize, muri Gashyantare 2025, yongeye kubisubiramo mu nama mpuzamahanga ya politiki n'umutekano i Munich mu Budage, ati 'Iyo tuvuga ko tutazaganira na M23 ntabwo tuba twirata. Impamvu ya mbere ni uko yishe abantu, yarashe amabombe ku nkambi, abagore n'abana barapfuye. Ntabwo twaganira n'umutwe w'iterabwoba.'
Abasirikare b'amahanga n'abacanshuro
Mu 2024, u Burusiya bwavumbuye abasirikare b'abacanshuro b'abanyamahanga barenga 4000 bagiye gufasha Ukraine guhangana n'icyo gihugu. Ni ibintu ahanini bivugwa ko byagizwemo uruhare n'ibihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bw'Isi by'umwihariko ibiri mu Muryango wa OTAN, kuko byinshi byagaragaje ko bishyigikiye Ukraine ndetse biyiha inkunga zirimo intwaro n'amafaranga mu kuyitera ingabo mu bitugu.
Ni mu gihe no ku ruhande rwa Tshisekedi, muri Mutarama 2025, abacanshuro b'Abanyaburayi barenga 280 barwanaga ku ruhande rw'igisirikare cye, FARDC, banyuze mu Rwanda basubira iwabo, nyuma y'uko umutwe wa M23 wari umaze kwigarurira ibice byinshi mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Mu Mujyi wa Goma habarirwaga abacanshuro bagera kuri 800 bo mu mutwe wa RALF wo muri Romania.
Uretse abo bacanshuro, Leta ya Tshisekedi yari yaranitabaje ingabo z'ibindi b'ihugu, zirimo iz'umuryango wa Afurika y'Amajyepfo, SADC n'iz'u Burundi, zafashaga FARDC guhangana na AFC/M23, nubwo uyu mutwe nyuma yo kwigarurira igice kinini cy'Intar ya Kivu y'Amajyaruguru n'iy'Amajyepfo, zamanitse amaboko, kuri ubu zikaba zaratangiye no gusubira iwabo zinyuze ku butaka bw'u Rwanda.
Gutakaza ibice byinshi by'igihugu bagakomeza gutsimbarara
Kuva intambara y'u Burusiya na Ukraine yatangira muri Gashyantare 2022, Ukraine imaze gutakaza ibice byinshi byo mu burasirazuba no mu majyepfo byigaruriwe n'u Burusiya. Imibare yo mu 2024 yagaragazaga ko u Burusiya bumaze kwigarurira 20% y'ubutaka bwa Ukraine, butuweho n'abaturage ba Ukraine babarirwa hagati ya miliyoni 3 na miliyoni 3,5.
Uduce turimo Crimea, Kherson, Zaporizhzhia, Donetsk na Luhansk ubu tugenzurwa n'u Burusiya, bikaba bivugwa ko ari uduce tungana na kilometero kare 4.168 bumaze kwigarurira.
Ku ruhande rwa Tshisekedi na RDC, ibice hafi ya byose byo mu Burasirazuba bw'igihugu cye byamaze kwigarurirwa n'ihuriro rya AFC/M23, kuko wigarurirye by'umwihariko Umurwa Mukuru wa Kivu y'Amajyaruguru, Goma, ndetse n'uwa Kivu y'Amajyepfo, Bukavu, ndetse n'ibindi bice bikomeye muri izo ntara zombi, ikaba yaramaze gushyiraho n'abayobozi bayo muri izo ntara.
Abasirikare benshi baguye ku rugamba
Ukraine imaze gutakaza abasirikare benshi mu ntambara ihanganyemo n'u Burusiya kuva mu 2022. Raporo zivuga ko abagera kuri miliyoni imwe ari bo bamaze kugwa ku rugamba muri Ukraine kuva imirwano iyihuza n'u Burusiya itangiye, naho abandi basirikare 100.000 bamaze gutoroka bakiza amagara yabo, nubwo Ukraine yo itabyemera.
Ku rundi ruhande, kwa Tshisekedi naho, habarurwa umubare munini w'abasirikare be ndetse n'ab'ibihugu byaje kumutera ingabo mu bitugu bamaze kugwa ku rugamba bahanganyemo na AFC/M23, mu gihe hari abandi benshi bagiye batoroka bagahunga urugamba, barimo abagiye bafatwa bagakatirwa n'ico gihugu igihano cyo kwicwa.
Imibare yatangajwe na RDC, ubwo AFC/M23 yafataga umujyi wa Goma ari na wo wabereyemo imirwano ikomeye, yagaragaje ko abasirikare bayo ndetse n'imitwe bifatanya irimo Wazalendo na FDLR baguye muri urwo rugamba barenga 2500.
Gutaka
Aho gushaka ibisubizo ku bibazo by'umutekano muke byugarije ibihugu byabo, Tshisekedi na Zelensky, kuva imirwano yakubura mu bihugu byabo, bahora bazenguruka amahanga bagaragaza ko barenganye, ko Isi yose ikwiye guhaguruka ikabarenganura, mu gihe abo bahanganye bagaragaza ubushake bw'ibiganiro ariko bo ntibabikozwe, bagashaka ko Isi ibafasha kwivuna umwanzi.
Aba bakuru b'ibihugu, bagaragaje kenshi kudashaka kwemera uruhare rwabo mu biri kubera mu bihugu byabo kugira ngo haboneke igisubizo, ahubwo bagahora batera imbabazi aho bageze bose, aho Tshisekedi we adahwema no guhora ageraka ibibazo ku Rwanda, nyamara rwo rugaragaza ko ntaho ruhuriye n'ibibazo bya RDC.
Amerika n'amabuye y'agaciro
Ikindi Perezida wa Ukraine ahuriyeho n'uwa RDC, ni uko nk'ibihugu bikize ku mutungo kamere, byitabaje Amerika ngo ibifashe mu gushakira ibisubizo ibibazo by'umutekano muke bibugarije, ndetse bikemerera Amerika kubyaza umusaruro uwo mutungo kamere wabyo, ariko ibisubizo bikaboneka uko ibyo bihugu bishaka.
Mu minsi ishize, Ukraine na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byashyize umukono ku masezerano y'ikoreshwa ry'umutungo kamere wa Ukraine, nk'imwe mu ngamba zigamije kurangiza intambara iri guhuza icyo gihugu n'u Burusiya no kuzongera kubaka icyo gihugu cyasenywe n'iyi ntambara.
Ku ruhande rwa Tshisekedi, muri Gashyantare ni bwo byatangajwe ko yatangiye kureba uko yahonga Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'ibindi bihugu by'i Burayi amabuye y'agaciro y'igihugu cye, kugira ngo nabyo bimufashe guhangana na M23 no kotsa igitutu u Rwanda, ashinja gufasha uwo mutwe.
Kera kabaye bemeye ibiganiro
Nyuma y'imyaka myinshi yo kwinangira imitima no kwanga ibiganiro n'abo bahanganye, Tshisekedi na Zelensky, bombi bavuye ku izima bemera kugirana ibiganiro n'abo bahanganye, Tshisekedi na AFC/M23, Zelensky n'u Burusiya. Ni ibiganiro kandi Amerika yemeye kugiramo uruhare byombi, ibintu bimaze iminsi bigaragaje ko bisa n'ibishobora gutanga umusaruro wo kugera ku mahoro arambye.
Source : http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/nta-tshisekedi-nta-zelensky
