Ubwo mperuka kuganira n’Umuyobozi waryo, yambwiye ko impamvu gahunda itabagezeho ari uko nta mashanyarazi bafite ndetse nta n’umuhanda uhagera.
Ati “Ntabwo [iyo gahunda] irahagera kubera ko ari mu cyaro. Buriya dufite ikibazo cy’umuhanda, nta muhanda uhagera, nta mashanyarazi dufite; izo zose zabaye impamvu zituma tutabasha kugerwaho n’iyo gahunda.”
Muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka nabwo nageze ku Rwunge rw’Amashuri rwa Akimitoni ruri i Nyabihu nsanga abanyeshuri baharangirije icyiciro cya mbere cy’ayisumbuye binubira kuba bagiye kwinjira mu cya kabiri bataramenya gukoresha mudasobwa.
Umuyobozi w’iryo Shuri n’Umuyobozi w’Akarere basobanuye ko hari mudasobwa zigiye kuhagezwa abo bana bakabasha kuzigiraho, kuko “ikibazo cyari icyumba cyo kuzishyiramo none kigiye kuboneka.”
Ubwo COVID-19 yageraga mu gihugu, amashuri yafunze imiryango amasomo atangirwa ku yakure. Hifashishijwe radio, televiziyo ndetse na internet.
Ugiye kureba kuri ibyo bikoresho, ibarura riheruka mu 2017 ryerekanye ko imiryango itunze radio mu mijyi iri kuri 91,3%, mu gihe iyo mu cyaro ari 69,6%.
Ni mu gihe itunze televiziyo mu mijyi yari 35% naho mu cyaro ikaba 4,5%.
Kwiga ukoresheje internet bisaba telefoni cyangwa mudasobwa. Muri iryo barura abatunze mudasobwa mu mijyi bari 13,1% abo mu cyaro ari 0,9%, naho abatunze telefoni mu mijyi bari 88,6% abo mu cyaro ari 61,7%.
Si ibyo gusa kuko n’ubundi abafite ibyo bikoresho mu cyaro hari ubwo bidakora neza bitewe n’uko iminara yaho ari mike, bityo ntibabashe kubona itumanaho rigenda neza.
Ibyo bigaragaza ko inyigisho zagiye zitangwa amashuri afunze abanyeshuri bo mu cyaro batabashije kugerwaho nazo uko byifuzwaga.
Ibihugu birenga 160 hirya no hino mu Isi byiganjemo ibikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, bihanganye n’ibibazo byugarije iterambere ry’uburezi mu cyaro.
Nubwo icyizere cy’uko bwazagera ku rwego rumwe n’ubwo mu mijyi kikiri hasi, buri cyose kigira umuvuno gica kigerageza kurwana urwo rugamba ruteye impungenge nk’uko inzobere mu burezi zibigaragaza.
U Rwanda ni kimwe muri ibyo bihugu kuko bitatu bya kane by’abarutuye bari mu cyaro, kandi wareba nko ku bwitabire mu mashuri ugasanga abo mu mijyi ni bo baza imbere.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Gatanu ku mibereho y’ingo mu Rwanda (EICV 5) bwamuritswe mu 2018 bwagaragaje ko abana bo mu mijyi bajyanwa mu mashuri abanza ku myaka igenwe ari 87,3%, abo mu cyaro bakaba 87,7%.
Iyo bigeze ku kugera mu yisumbuye ku myaka igenwe usanga mu mijyi ari 39,5%, mu cyaro bikaba 19,6 %.
Iyo nyigo yerekana ko abana bo mu mijyi ari bo bandikishwa mu mashuri kenshi, akaba ari bo badakunze kuyacikiza ndetse akenshi bakagira amanota abemerera kwimuka.
Nk’uko no mu bindi bihugu bimeze, abanyeshuri bo cyaro mu Rwanda ntibagira amahirwe yo kubona uburezi bufite ireme nk’ayo abo mu mijyi bafite.
Icya mbere ni uko hari ibyakagombye kubafasha mu myigire bitabageraho neza bitewe n’ibikorwaremezo biba bitaratera imbere.
Birumvikana ko niba andi mashuri abanza yaregerejwe ibikorwa remezo abana baho bayarangizaga bazi gukoresha mudasobwa kuva mu 2008, ab’i Mburabuturo bo bakaba bakirangiza magingo aya batarabimenya hazabaho ikinyuranyo.
Inzobere mu burezi akaba n’Umuyobozi Wungirije ushinzwe Amasomo n’Imyigishirize muri Kaminuza ya Kigali, Dr Rusibana Claude, yavuze ko hakenewe kongerwa ibikorwa remezo kugira ngo icyo cyuho kizibwe.
Ati “Niba ari ukuzamura inyubako bikomatanywe no kuzishyiramo ibikorwa remezo bizikenewemo kugira ngo wa mwana naza kwiga asange ibyo akenera byose bihari.”
Abarimu binubira kwigishiriza mu cyaro
Dr Rusibana asanga biterwa n’uko mu mijyi haba hari andi mahirwe menshi bahabona cyane cyane ashingiye ku byo binjiza, bityo ko hashyizweho ingamba zibibafashamo byagabanuka.
Yakomeje ati “Icyo aba ashaka ni ukugira ngo yegere amahirwe menshi ashobora kumufasha guhindura akazi cyangwa kubona impamyabumenyi yisumbuye izamufasha gukomeza kubona akazi kisumbuye kurusha ako arimo.”
Hagaragazwa kandi ko iyo hari abanyamahanga baje kwigisha mu cyaro batazi ururimi kavukire bibangamira imyigire y’abo bana.
Ibyo byagombye gukemurwa n’uko bake bahakomoka bagira amahirwe yo kurangiza amashuri bagaruka kuhakorera, ariko si ko bigenda ahubwo nabo bajya mu mijyi “gushakirayo imibereho”.
Umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, Dr Kanimba Donatille, yavuze ko hakwiye gukorwa inama nyunguranabitekereza ku nzego bireba hakigwa uko icyo kibazo cyitabwaho kuko abenshi mu barimu bemera kwigisha mu cyaro ari abahafite imiryango.
Ati “Leta yakorana inama n’abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri n’abarimu bo mu cyaro bakigira hamwe ibyakorwa.”
Kuko mu cyaro haba ababyeyi benshi batize ngo barangize ayisumbuye nibura, usanga batazi uburyo bafasha abana babo kuzamura urwego rw’imyigire ku buryo niba ari no gusubira inyuma bamenya ngo baramusubiza kuri gahunda bate.
Hari ingero nyinshi z’abana batahana imikoro bagera iwabo ntibabashe kuyikora kuko nta muriro bafite, nta gihe bahawe, cyangwa nta wo kuyibafasha babonye.
Dr Kanimba yagize ati “Umwana arabyuka akabanza yajya kuvoma amazi asiga mu rugo, bigatuma akererwa ku ishuri.”
Imbogamizi zagaragajwe haruguru zose ni umwihariko w’abanyeshuri bo mu cyaro, by’umwihariko abiga amashuri abanza.
Nyamara iyo bajya kuyasoza bahabwa ikizamini kimwe n’abo mu mijyi, hatitawe ku kuba bamwe barahuye nazo abandi batarazigize. Amanota fatizo ku batsinze, nayo agirwa amwe kuri bose.
Ibihugu bimwe byagiye bihitamo gushyiraho uburyo abana bo mu mashuri abanza bajya bacumbikirwa hafi y’amashuri kuko abo mu yisumbuye benshi bo banabayo. Mu Rwanda ho hari n’abiga mu burezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 basanzwe bataha iwabo.
Tanzanie, Jamaica na Papouasie Nouvelle Guinée byigeze gushyiraho ingamba zo guhangana n’icyo kibazo, aho byari byaragennye umubare w’abanyeshuri bo mu cyaro bagomba kuva mu mashuri abanza bajya mu yisumbuye buri mwaka n’abatagomba kurenga mu mijyi.
Dr Rusibana yasobanuye ko kugira ngo imyigire myiza igerweho bisaba ko haba hari ibikorwaremezo, ubushake bwa mwarimu n’ubw’umunyeshuri,ubushake bw’ababyeyi n’ubwa politiki bwo gushyira ingingo y’imari mu burezi.
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