Ni impaka zimaze imyaka isaga 10, ahari abavuga ko kugira ngo ikibazo cy’inda ziterwa abangavu by’umwihariko abakiri mu mashuri kirandurwe bakwegerezwa serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro zirimo udukingirizo.
Ku rundi ruhande imiryango ishingiye ku myemerere, ababyeyi, ndetse n’impirimbanyi z’umuco ntibakozwa ibyo kuba mu kigo cy’ishuri hashyirwa udukingirizo cyangwa izindi serivisi zifasha mu kuboneza urubyaro.
Imibare y’abangavu baterwa inda ikomeza gutumbagira ndetse by’umwihariko abenshi ni abaziterwa bari mu mashuri.
Mu 2016, Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango yakoze ubushakashatsi igaragaza ko abangavu 17,500 bari hagati y’imyaka 15-17 batewe inda.
Ikigo giharanira uburenganzira no guteza imbere ubuzima, Health Development Initiative (HDI) n’indi miryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu igaragaza ko nibura abangavu barenga ibihumbi 15 baterwa inda buri mwaka.
Kwigisha ubuzima bw’imyororokere mu mashuri, igisubizo ku makuru abana baburanye ababyeyi
Ku ishuri niho umwana amara amasaha menshi ugereranyije n’iwabo mu rugo. Ibintu benshi bavuga ko ari ababyeyi n’abarimu bose bakwiye gufatanya mu kwigisha abana ubuzima bw’imyororokere.
Nyamara bamwe mu bayobozi b’amashuri cyamgwa ababyeyi ntibakozwa ibyo kwigisha abana ubuzima bw’imyororokere n’ibyo bagomba kwirinda.
Mu 2015, hateguwe integanyanyigisho ikoreshwa mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, igafasha mu kwigisha ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere.
Ni umwanzuro wafatiwe mu Nama y’Ibihugu byo mu Muryango wa Afurika y’Uburasirazuba n’iyo hagati, ECASSA, yo mu 2013, yanzuye ko mu mashuri hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bwo kwigisha ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere.
Icyo gihe ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’inzego zihuriweho zirimo Minisiteri y’Ubuzima na Minisiteri y’Uburezi, bwagaragaje ko abana barenga 65% batamenya amakuru y’ubuzima bw’imyororokere bayakuye ku babyeyi babo.
Ni ukuvuga ko ku mashuri no muri bagenzi babo ariho bashobora kwigishirizwa ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere by’umwihariko uburyo bwo kwirinda inda ziterwa abangavu ndetse n’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe uburezi budaheza no kwita ku banyeshuri bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye muri REB, Ngoga Fixer Eugène, avuga ko nubwo abarimu ari ababyeyi kandi b’Abanyarwanda, usanga hari aho batinya kwigisha abana ibijyanye n’imyororokere.
Ati “Habaho umuco, mu muco Nyarwanda ntabwo ibijyanye n’imibonano mpuzabitsina ntabwo ari ibintu bivugwa mu buryo bwa rusange cyangwa ngo bivugirwe ku gasozi, abantu bateraniye hamwe.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Abarimu na bo ni Abanyarwanda, iyo ukurikije n’igihe tumaze, ntabwo ari bose bashobora kuba babikora kimwe. Ariko ni amasomo agomba kwigishwa.”
Abanyeshuri bagize icyo babivugaho…
Abanyeshuri by’umwihariko abangavu baganiriye na IGIHE, bagaragaza ko kudahabwa amakuru n’ababyeyi babo cyangwa abarimu bibagiraho ingaruka zo guhabwa amakuru atari ukuri na bagenzi babo.
Bukana Queen wiga mu mwaka wa gatandatu mu Ishuri ryisumbuye rya King David Academy, avuga ko bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka zirimo guterwa inda cyangwa kwandura indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Ati “Tubibona nk’imbogamizi kuko hari igihe ababyeyi bacu batinya kutuganiriza cyangwa kutugira inama ku byerekeranye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, bitugiraho ingaruka kuko hari nk’urubyiruko rutabasha kwirinda bikaba byabagiraho ingaruka mbi.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Izo ngaruka zirimo nko gutwara inda bakiri bato, kwandura Sida. Numva tuba dukwiye kwigishwa uko twakoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro, ababyeyi bakwiye kumenya ko abana babo bagomba kumenya gukoresha uburyo bwo kwirinda burimo gukoresha agakingirizo n’ibindi.”
Umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikorwa muri HDI, Dr Rukundo Athanase avuga ko abangavu bakwiye kwigishwa ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere ariko by’umwihariko bigakorerwa mu mashuri kuko ariho bamara igihe kirekire.
Rukundo asanga kandi ari ngombwa ko mu bigo by’amashuri hashyirwa serivisi zijyanye no kuboneza urubyaro by’umwihariko udukingirizo kuko usanga abangavu n’ingimbi bakenera gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Ati “Byadufasha kugabanya za nda zitifuzwa, ubwandu bwa virusi itera Sida. Mu Rwanda dufite amahirwe y’uko igice kinini cy’urubyiruko hafi ya rwose ruri mu mashuri.”
Twabaha ikaramu, ntitwabaha agakingirizo
Ngoga avuga ko kuba serivisi zirimo izo kuboneza urubyaro nk’udukingirizo zashyirwa mu mashuri atari byo byihutirwa ahubwo icy’ibanze ari ukwigisha abana uko birinda.
Ati “Mu mashuri ntabwo duteza imbere imibonano mpuzabitsina, nta n’amahirwe cyangwa umwanya dukwiye gutanga wo kugira ngo habe imibonano mpuzabitsina.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Byaba atari byiza aho kugira ngo ibyo wowe utemera, udakora, udashaka ko bikorwa […] twabaha ikaramu, wabaha ikaye ariko ntiwamuha agakingirizo, ubwo ni ukumubwira ngo genda usambane.”
Kuri we asanga izo serivisi zikwiye gushakirwa ahandi nko mu bigo by’ubuvuzi bishinzwe kuzitanga ndetse ibijyanye no gusambana akavuga ko biramutse bikozwe bidakwiye gukorerwa ku mashuri.
Imibare itangwa na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima igaragaza ko mu 2017 abangavu babyariye kwa muganga bari munsi y’imyaka 19 bari 17.337, mu 2018 baba 19.832, na ho mu mwaka wa 2019 guhera muri Mutarama kugeza muri Kanama ababyaye ni 15.696.
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