Uyu mukino umaze gukinwa inshuro 211 mu bice bitandukanye by'Isi, yaba muri Aziya, Amerika, u Burayi na Afurika. Mu Rwanda werekanwe bwa mbere muri uyu mwaka.
Mbere y'uko utangira nyir'izina, Georges Ruggiu wari Umunyamakuru wa RTLM aba asobanura uruhare rwe muri Jenoside mu kiganiro aba agirana n'umunyamakuru.
Georges Henri Yvon Joseph Ruggiu ni umugabo ukomoka mu Bubiligi, wari Umunyamakuru wa RTLM. Mu gihe yakoraga kuri iyi radiyo, ntiyavugaga Ikinyarwanda, ahubwo we yabaga avuga mu Gifaransa.
Yahamijwe uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ndetse mu 2000 Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, rumukatira igifungo cy'imyaka 12. Yaje kurekurwa mu 2009.
Muri icyo kiganiro, avuga uburyo yisobanuye imbere ya ICTR, uburyo yahuriye bwa mbere na Perezida Habyarimana i Kanombe, hanyuma akamusaba kujya gukora kuri RTLM, undi akabyemera.
Hagaragaramo ubuhamya bw'abandi bakinnyi, nk'aho Ntarindwa Diogène avuga ku buzima bwe muri Jenoside, uko abo mu muryango we bishwe, uko Abanyapolitiki nka Froduald Karamira bavugiraga kuri RTLM amagambo ahamagarira Abahutu kwica Abatutsi n'ibindi.
Ntarindwa asobanura ko ubwo yari i Butare, umuryango we wamuhamagaye inshuro eshatu, ndetse ko umuvandimwe we yamubwiye ko Interahamwe zishe abantu bose bo mu muryango.
Muri uyu mukino, humvikanishwa itangazo ryavugiwe kuri RTLM rimenyesha abaturage ko indege ya Habyarimana yahanuwe. Havugwamo uburyo Interahamwe zishe abantu mu Gitega, uko zagiye zihohotera abagore mu bice bya Butare n'ahandi.
RTLM yari ifite ibiganiro bikundwa n'urubyiruko kubera uburyo yakoraga, kuko yacurangaga imiziki igezweho yose, guhera kuri Zouk, Rumba, injyana zo muri Amerika, indirimbo z'Imana n'izindi.
Abakinnyi ba Hate Radio ni Ntarindwa Diogène ukina ari Kantano Habimana; Umunya-Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), Bwanga Pili Pili Kagabo ukina ari Valérie Bemeriki, Sebastien Foucault ukina ari Georges Ruggiu na Eric Ngangare ukina ari DJ witwa Joseph Gatsikira.
Umukino utangizwa n'indirimbo za Rumba, DJ agaha ikaze abakurikiye radio, hanyuma abanyamakuru bagahita batangira bavuga amakuru agezweho.
Ayo makuru aba yibanda ku buryo gutsemba Abatutsi biri gukorwa hirya no hino. Bavugamo ko ngo i Gitarama, mu Kivuruga n'ahandi, Inkotanyi zatsinzwe, ko ngo hari n'aho zateye igisasu aho guhitana abantu, kigahitana imbwa eshatu.
Bibasira kandi itangazamakuru rivuga ibihabanye n'umurongo wa RTLM, urugero nka RFI yavugaga ko hari ubwicanyi buri gukorerwa mu Rwanda, ko ndetse Umujyi wa Kigali utari nyabagendwa.
Bose uko aba ari batatu muri studio, bahuriza hamwe mu kuvuga ko RFI ari "radio y'amafuti" iri gukwirakwiza "ibinyoma by'Inkotanyi".
Bakomeza bavuga ko Radio Muhabura ya FPR Inkotanyi, ari "Radio Shitani" kuko ngo yavuze ko hari ahantu Interahamwe zishe abantu.
Uburyo uyu mukino ukinwa, byakozwe hashingiye ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse bw'ibyaberaga muri Studio za RTLM, ku buryo abakinnyi bagerageza gukora ibyakorwaga icyo gihe.
Muri studio habaga harimo telemusi y'icyayi, umutobe, inzoga, n'ubunyobwa ku buryo abanyamakuru bakoraga banywa. Usibye ibyo kunywa bisanzwe, babaga batumura n'urumogi kandi bakabivuga kuri radio.
Abanyamakuru bavuga ko abantu batanywa urumogi, ari "Abanazi", kandi bagahamagara abari hirya no hino mu gihugu babasaba kujyana urumogi kuri RTLM.
Hari aho bigera bagacuranga indirimbo ya Bikindi Simon yitwa "Nanga Abahutu", bakavuga ko irimo ibibazo byose igihugu gifite. Bavuga ko Abatutsi bafite ubugome burenze ukwemera, ko ari impyisi nk'izindi.
Kuri RTLM kandi bakiraga ibitekerezo, abantu bagahamagara bakavuga uburyo bakunda iyi Radio, barangiza na bo bagashishikariza abaho batuye kwica Abatutsi. Bavugamo kandi ko Inkotanyi ari abantu baturutse muri Uganda, ko ari abasirikare ba Museveni.
Buri minota 15, RTLM yanyuzagaho amakuru agezweho kandi igacishamo gake igacuranga indirimbo zikunzwe muri icyo gihe. Bavugamo uburyo Abafaransa bagiye mu Rwanda gufasha Leta kurwanya Inkotanyi. Iyo bageze kuri iyi ngingo, DJ acuranga indirimbo igira iti Vive la France!
Bibasira umuntu wese wavuze ko mu Rwanda hari kubera "Jenoside" harimo Bill Clinton, n'abandi nka Gen. Romeo Dallaire. Bavuga ko Clinton n'abandi bazungu ari abanyabinyoma.
Iyo bigeze aho, bacuranga indirimbo yari igezweho muri icyo gihe yitwa "Rape Me" ya Nirvana.
RTLM yari ifite n'uburyo bwo kubaza ibibazo abakurikiye, hanyuma bakazabisubiza mu nyandiko, utsinze neza agahembwa. Byakorwaga mu gice cyiswe "Quiz d'Histoire".
Muri iri rushanwa, hari ibibazo bitatu abanyamakuru batanze, aho babwiraga abakurikiye Radio gusubiza bavuga uwavuze interuro baba bagiye gusoma n'icyo yashakaga gusobanura.
Izo nteruro harimo igira iti "nta Muhutu usubira inyuma", indi ikavuga ngo "aho ngiye hose mpasanga Parmehutu", mu gihe iya gatatu ari ivuga ngo "mureke ibiganiro no guseka mukore". Ababaga bakurikiye radio boherezaga ibisubizo kuri RTLM mu gihe kitarenze icyumweru.
Usibye ibyo, abaturage bahamagaraga kuri radio bavuga aho babonye Inkotanyi, bagasuhuza abo bashaka bakanasaba indirimbo.
Hari nk'uwahamagaye asaba indirimbo yitwa "Siwo" ya Kassav, avuga ko ayituye abasore bo ku Kimisagara n'abandi ngo bari ku ibagiro. Kantano ahita amuca mu ijambo, akabwira abo bari ku Ibagiro ko urumogi bamuhaye rukomeye, agasaba abarugemura ko bakwiriye gukomeza kurugemura ku bwinshi.
Iyo ndirimbo iri mu Njyana ya Zouk, abanyamakuru ba RTLM bahita babwira abakurikiye radio ko bakwiriye kuyibyina bakora akazi, ngo kuko iri mu njyana yitwa "Zouk Machette".
Kantano hari ahandi yumvikana avuga ati "Abatutsi ni ubwoko bubi, bahora barangamiye urupfu kuko nabo ubwabo ari urupfu, bakwiriye kurohwa mu ruzi". Akomeza agira ati "Murebe akazuru kabo nimusanga bafite akazuru gato mukavune".
Mu zindi ndirimbo zicurangwa kuri iyi radio harimo iyitwa I Like To Move It ya The Mad Stuntman, n'indi iri mu Njyana ya Slow yitwa Dernier Slow aho bavuga ko "Habyarimana yarayikundaga".
Bigera n'aho bacuranga indirimbo zihimbaza Imana zo muri Kiliziya, hanyuma Kantano akazivugiramo amazina y'abasirikare b'Inkotanyi bamaze kwicwa n'Interahamwe, akazishishikariza gukomeza uwo murimo aba yita mwiza.
Avuga ko ngo Abatutsi bari 10% mu gihugu, none ngo aho byari bigeze icyo gihe hari hamaze kwicwa 2%, ko 8% basigaye ari bake na bo bagomba kwicwa bagashira.
Ni radio yari ifite imikorere itangaje kuko nka nyuma yo kuvuga abaguye ku rugamba, yahitaga ijya mu makuru yo hanze, ikavuga ibiri kubera muri Gaza, nyuma ikavuga amakuru agezweho y'imikino n'ibindi byatumaga ikundwa by'akataraboneka.
Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM) yatangiye kuvuga ku wa 8 Nyakanga 1993. Mu banyamigabane bayo bakuru harimo na Félicien Kabuga, magingo aya ukomeje kuburanishwa n'Urwego rwasigaranye Imirimo y'Inkiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha, i La Haye mu Buholandi.
Amafoto: Nezerwa Salomon
